The results of the flagship project on "Institutional Interaction" on Conflicts and Synergies between International and EU Environmental Institutions, financed by the European Commission (GD Research) and Ecologic, were presented and discussed with scholars at two Annual Conventions of the International Studies Association (ISA) in Portland, Oregon, in 2003 and in San Diego, California, in 2006. Sebastian Oberthür and Thomas Gehring chaired the sessions with scientists from the Institutional Interaction project team presenting, and Oran Young leading the discussion on the interaction and synergies among institutions in international environmental governance.