Foreword
Executive Summary
Grid connection
Grid operation
Grid development
Actions at EU level
Market integration
Table of Contents
Introduction: the integration of renewable energy sources in Europe
Transition of electricity system and its challenges for national regulation
The need for grid and market adaptation
EU and national law – levers for achievement of RES-E integration
Structure of this report
Assessment of integration of electricity from renewable energy sources into the grid
Grid Connection
Grid Operation
Grid Development
NREAP Assessment
Options to promote market integration
Flexibility of RES-E
A differentiated view on market integration
Options to deal with volume, price and balancing risk: Approaches in the EU-27
Recommendations at EU level
Grid integration
Market integration
Main barriers in the Member States and brief overviews of national conditions
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Great Britain
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Literature and sources
Annex I – Methodology
Overview
Specific process
Qualitative vs. quantitative research
Annex II –Interviewed stakeholders
Annex III – List of all encountered barriers
Grid Connection
Grid Operation
Grid Development
Annex IV – Templates
Research template
NREAP analysis template
Recommendation template