Investment protection and investment tribunals are among the most contentious subjects of TTIP and CETA. Could a permanent Court of Arbitration address the problems of ad hoc tribunals? In this comment (German only), Nils Meyer-Ohlendorf discusses the pro and cons of a permanent Court of Arbitration. The comment is available for download. <br /><br /><br /><br />

The infographic gives an examplary overview of the multitude and type of injury of fish at complex hydropower sites.

The infographic visualizes interactions across several ecological levels. The death of individual fish reduces the population size of its species. Because of multiple ecological interactions this can cause changes in the entire biocenosis.

The infographic visualizes the four spatial areas of investigation of the manual in an examplary fashion. The spatial levels are: site, corridor group, corridor and corridor component.

The infographic presents the process and criteria to be considered for the design development for an investigation of fish downstream migration.

The infographic presents the optimisation process during site-specific evaluations. Deficiencies can be identified at an early stage, during technical and hydraulic characterisation and during study of fish migration. Optimisation proposals can then be developed. Thus the efficacy of optimisation measures implemented can be tested during the course of the evaluation process.

The infographic visualises various risks of fish injury caused by technical water installations.

The infographic gives an overview of which characteristic causes of injury of fish is caused by which typical corridor components (e.g. barriers, turbines).

This infographic visualizes the cumulative impacts of all technical water installations in the migration area of fish that determine the effects on population biology.

The infographic presents the five-step process for deriving the final statement on function for the investigation of biological downstream migration by fish.

The infographic schematically shows vertical and horizontal oblique inflow of fish protection screens.

The manual helps to examine a wide range of sites, including complex spatial constellations. Sites with transverse structures as well as hydro power plants and tangential water withdrawal systems can be evaluated. This infographic shows site examples of different spatial complexity.

The infographic shows a site example for potential fish migration paths.

This manual focuses on the site specific evaluation of the efficiency of fish protection and bypass systems. Standardized evaluation principles are defined to promote significant, comparable studies. The manual constitutes a framework for an objective evaluation process. The developed planning, investigation and evaluation processes provide a base for consistent study results to improve the scientific knowledge and to optimize effective site specific solutions.

What makes adaptation measures successful, and how can they be used as good examples? In his recent article "The view beyond the horizon – International examples of climate adaptation", Dr. Nico Stelljes aims to answer this question using different success factors for the classification of good examples of adaptation to climate change, presenting five examples of adaptation measures. The article was published in the seventh volume of the OEKOM series 'Climate Change within Regions'.