Acknowledgements
Executive summary
1 Introduction
1.1 EU resource-efficiency policy
1.2 Resource efficiency and sustainable water management
1.3 Aims and structure of this report
2 Water-resource efficiency — measures and tools
2.1 Reducing water use — increasing water use efficiency
2.2 Water and energy sector linkages
2.3 Water quality and resource efficiency
3 Using markets to enhance water‑resource efficiency
3.1 Water allocation mechanisms
3.2 Economic instruments to correct market failure
3.3 Water pricing and cost recovery in Europe
4 Improved information for optimal water-resource management
4.1 The role of indicators in quantifying and evaluating water efficiency
4.2 Water accounting as a framework for understanding linkages between water resources and the economy
4.3 Water Footprint Assessment and Life Cycle Analysis
4.4 Labelling and certification, standards and stewardship
5 Conclusions
5.1 A scarce resource requires careful management
5.2 Principles of sustainable water management
5.3 Tools and measures
5.4 The water-energy link
5.5 The knowledge base to foster resource efficiency
5.6 Future needs for sustainable water management
References