Executive summary

1 Introduction

2 National context: agricultural production conditions

2.1 Agricultural structure

2.2 Farm types

3 Implementation of cross compliance - administration and control

3.1 Communication to the farmers

3.2 Administration and Control

3.3 Farmers response to Cross Compliance

4 Environment

4.1 Statutory Management Requirements

4.1.1 Birds and Habitat Directive

4.1.2 Protection of groundwater

4.1.3 Sewage sludge directive

4.1.4 Nitrate directive

4.2 Good agricultural and environmental condition (GAEC)

4.2.1 Soil erosion (GAEC 1)

4.2.2 Maintenance of organic matter and soil structure (GAEC 2)

4.2.3 Minimum maintenance of set-aside lands (GAEC 3)

4.2.4 Permanent pasture

4.2.5 Potential environmental effects of GAEC standards

5 Identification and registration of animals

5.1 Identification and registration of bovine animals

5.2 Identification and registration of ovine and caprine animals

6 Public, animal and plant health

6.1 Plant protection products

6.2 Food traceability systems/matters of food safety

6.3 Notification of diseases

7 Animal welfare

7.1 Housing of calves

7.2 Housing of pigs

8 Estimating the costs of cross compliance

8.1 General costs and concerns related to cross compliance

8.2 Annex IV costs

8.3 Annex III costs

8.3.1 Degree of compliance with Annex III standards in 2005

8.3.2 Expected effect of cross compliance on compliance rates

8.3.3 Habitat/Bird Directives

8.3.4 Groundwater

8.3.5 Nitrate

8.3.6 Sewage sludge

8.3.7 Animal registration

8.3.8 Food safety

8.3.9 Plant Protection Products

8.3.10 Housing of calves

9 Conclusions

References

List of Figures

Figure 1 Agricultural area in the German Länder (agricultural area as percentage of total area)

Figure 2 Structure of the agricultural sector in the German Länder. (a) Size of farms in Germany

(agricultural area per farm in hectares). (b) Number of farms per district (Landkreis).

Figure 3 Farm types as percentage of area (a) and of holdings (b). Classification according to EU

Typology

Figure 4 Cereal production and livestock husbandry in the dairy and beef sectors in the German

Länder. (a) Cereal production as percentage of total arable farmland. (b) Number of beef

and dairy cattle per 100 hectares of agricultural area.

List of Tables

Table 1 Structure of the agricultural sector in Germany: number and size of farms in 2004

Table 2 Application of sewage sludge: maximum values for heavy metals and organic pollutants in

soil and sludge

Table 3 Implementation of the Nitrate Directive

Table 4 National implementation of Annex IV: soil erosion

Table 5 National implementation of Annex IV: soil organic matter and soil structure

Table 6 National implementation of Annex IV: maintenance of set-aside lands

Table 7 National implementation of the Directive on plant protection products

Table 8 National implementation of the Directive on the housing of calves

Table 9 Standards relevant for the sectors chosen for the German cost analysis

Table 10 Results of on-the-spot checks in 2005 in three German Länder. Non-compliance rates are

shown for each standard; the figures in brackets indicate the total number of controls