1 Introduction
2 Options to design the EU's 2040 climate target
2.1 Combined climate targets
2.2 Separate targets for carbon removals and emission reductions
2.3 Separate targets for specific removal activities
2.4 Sector targets at the EU level
2.5 Five-year climate targets?
2.6 Scope of targets: International transport and targets for non-CO2 GHG emissions?
2.7 Targets for climate action outside the EU?
3 Implementation framework for 2040: Which requirements exist, and which gaps persist?
3.1 What does the current policy framework regulate for 2040?
3.2 What are the gaps in the current framework for 2040?
4 Possible options for the EU 2040 climate framework
4.1 Should national reduction targets under CARE continue?
4.2 Reforming the Climate Action Regulation: Fit for 2040
4.3 Merging ETS 1 and ETS 2
4.4 ETS 3 for agriculture?
4.5 Reform of the LULUCF Regulation
5 References